The number of companies lobbying the federal government on issues related to hydrogen has increased tenfold since President Joe Biden took office, according to an OpenSecrets analysis of lobbying disclosures. Fossil fuel companies, which have promoted hydrogen as a solution to climate change, ranked among the top spenders and outnumber clients from every industry, including the renewable energy sector. The lobbying comes as the Biden administration prepares to use billions of dollars in federal subsidies to scale up hydrogen production to decarbonize the U.S. Unlike other fossil fuel products, hydrogen does not release planet-warming greenhouse gases when burned. The industry has aggressively lobbied the White House, Congress, and Energy and Treasury departments to ensure gas-based hydrogen qualifies for federal subsidies. The American Petroleum Institute spent nearly $4.5 million lobbying in the first nine months of 2023.

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