Green Li-ion has launched North America’s first black mass-to-pCAM battery recycling plant. The company’s low-cost units use advanced hydrometallurgical techniques to convert battery material directly into pCAM, which can emit up to 90% fewer greenhouse gas emissions than virgin materials processing. The mixed-metal hydroxide is made up of critical metals like nickel and cobalt, and lithium hydroxides added to create cathode active material (CAM), which can then be used to build batteries. However, there are challenges in building up a local supply chain for the critical metals needed. The Department of Energy has invested heavily in the recycling sector, with federal loans of US$2 billion to Redwood Materials and US$375 million to Li-Cycle in 2023.

Solar Dominates US Energy Capacity Growth
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) has published data showing that solar accounted for over 75% of US electrical generating







